Abbreviations, Signs and References
employed on this website
ALD = Advanced Learner's Dictionary See Hornby etc at 11.2 on this website
CGP = Cruttenden's (revisions of) Gimson's Pronunciation of English
CID = Cambridge International Dictionary
COD Concise Oxford Dictionary
CPD = the JWL Concise
Pronouncing
Dictionary See §11.2 on this website
EAL = English as an Additional Language
EFL = English as a Foreign Language
ELT(J)= English Language Teaching (Journal)
EPD English Pronouncing Dictionary
GA = General American
GB = General British
HHS = Hanks & Hodges on Surnames
LDC Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
LPD = Longman Dictionary of Pronunciation Wells (1900 etc)
MWO See Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
OBG Oxford BBC Guide to Pronunciation Olausson & Sangster
ODP Oxford Dictionary of Pronunciation Upton etc
below
OED See Murray etc
below
RHD See Random
etc below
TPS Transactions of the Philogical Society
WEB See Webster's
etc below
Signs
Aside from universally known symbols the following signs
are employed at various places on this site to indicate the currencies
of particular pronunciations of words
˚ placed immediately after a word's transcription indicates
that it is virtually the sole pronunciation the word
receives
˃ similarly placed indicates that it is the most frequently occurring
pronunciation of the word it follows but that there are others
˂ indicates that the pronunciation is not considered to be the most frequent one of the word in question
References to Publications
other than by JWL for which see Personal ie §10.2 on this
website
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(6
Sept BBC London) reprinted in 1965 as 'R.P. and Local Accent' in
Studies in Phonetics and Linguistics OUP, London.
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Teaching. British Council, London. Reprinted in Problems and Principles.
1956.
Longman, London.
- Abercrombie, D. (1964). English
Phonetic Texts. London: Faber & Faber Ltd.
- Abercrombie, D. (1967). Elements
of General Phonetics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University
Press.
- Armstrong, Lilias E. (1923) An
English Phonetic Reader. University of London Press.
- Armstrong, Lilias E. & Ward, Ida C. (1926) A Handbook of English Intonation
Cambridge,
England: Heffer
- Barber, C. (1964) Linguistic
Change in Present-Day English. Oliver and Boyd. Edinburgh
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Language Teaching.
London: Longman
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English Pronouncing
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Setter
& Hartman ("EPD")
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Fundamental
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Life and
Career of Daniel Jones Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter
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phonology. A resource book for students. London: Routledge
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Oxford Dictionary of
Current English (1990) ed. R. E. Allen.
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London:Longman.
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York Academy of Sciences vol. 211
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the
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English
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English Fifth edition (1994) edited by Alan
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Language D. Ed. thesis Columbia University
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Cambridge
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transcription
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educated Southern English
Le MaîtrePhonétique
(pp 22-24)
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Société des Sciences at des Lettres de Wroclaw,
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transcription of
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Le
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22-24.
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educated
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International
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International
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Hartman &
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London:Longmans
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